The role of farmers and competence of extension workers in rice demonstration plots on the formation of smart farming perceptions in East Denpasar District

Authors

  • Ayu Indah Gusti J. Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • I Dewa Putu Oka Suardi Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
  • I Gede Setiawan Adi Putra Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia

Keywords:

digital agriculture, technology adoption, farmer perception, agricultural extension

Abstract

Implementing smart farming is a strategic approach to boost agricultural efficiency amid land conversion and labor scarcity. In East Denpasar District, this modernization is facilitated through precision technology-based rice demonstration plots. This explanatory study aims to analyze the influence of farmers' roles and extension workers' competence on the effectiveness of rice demonstration plots and their implications for shaping farmers' perceptions of smart farming. The research areas were selected purposively in Subak Umalayu and Subak Umadesa. A total census method was applied, involving all 59 farmers within the demonstration areas as respondents. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The structural model results indicated that, directly, farmers' roles (coefficient=0.370; p-value=0.003) and extension workers' competence (coefficient=0.322; p-value=0.005) exerted a positive and significant effect on the success of the demonstration plots. Concurrently, the demonstration plots emerged as the most dominant factor directly driving smart farming perceptions (coefficient=0.523; p-value=0.000). Conversely, while internal farmers' roles and external extension competence failed to yield a direct significant impact on technological perceptions, both factors demonstrated significant indirect influences fully mediated through the performance of rice demonstration plots (full mediation). 

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Published

2026-06-08

How to Cite

Ayu Indah, G. J., Suardi, I. D. P. O., & Putra, I. G. S. A. (2026). The role of farmers and competence of extension workers in rice demonstration plots on the formation of smart farming perceptions in East Denpasar District. International Journal of Economic Perspectives, 20(6), 580–591. Retrieved from https://ijeponline.lingcure.org/index.php/journal/article/view/1336

Issue

Vol. 20 No. 6 (2026)

Section

Peer Review Articles
Copyright & Licensing

Copyright (c) 2026 Ayu Indah Gusti J., I Dewa Putu Oka Suardi, I Gede Setiawan Adi Putra

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